1. Never use a perfumed paper or stationery when making resumes. Many fresh graduates are tempted to have their resumes on colored papers instead of ivory colored ones in the hope of making their resumes different from the rest. It will only be thrown onto the trash can.

2. An 8×11 ivory colored paper is the most appropriate paper to use in making resumes. Use a size 12 font. The font must be in a professional appearance, such Times New Roman or Aral

3. Resumes are best read when details are presented in bullet forms. Do not make an “essay”. Never use paragraphs when making resumes.

4. Even a single grammatical error becomes a major turnoff. Proofread at all times. Most employers do not mind e or not it was just typographical error. In most cases, they will think you have imperfect English

5. Do not attempt to be very personal with your resume. Employers do not care about the color of your eyes or hair, your hobbies, or the names of your siblings. Keep it as professional as possible. For example, when including clubs in your educational background, focus on those that seem relevant to the job position. Winning in a research paper for example across campus is impressive to employers.

6. Always provide references. Writing down References Available upon Request is a mortal sin. How special do you think you are for employers spend the time to request first that you provide them references? It is a no no.

One of the immediate methods of adjusting to unemployment is living within your means. The unemployed is forced to refrain from the usual things that he does which entail extra spending. Going out with friends will be minimized since the savings he has is limited for his daily basic needs and there is no assurance how soon he will get the next job. The best way not to spend is t stay at home. Those people who have no support group during unemployment become lonely most of the time.

Along with loneliness, stress is evident. It is not easy to wake up in the morning knowing that he is not preparing to get to work because he has nowhere to go to. When living with a family, the stress gets tougher once he sees his family he will begin to think of how he can support his family and how he can somehow alleviate the effects of his unemployment. He cannot sleep well, he’s constantly thinking, the burden gets worse every single day.

When loneliness and stress are unmanageable, depression will begin coming in. People under depression may either a lot or eat less. Either way, his physical well-being will be affected. Sooner or later, he will begin having diseases associated with depression.

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We can never predict what the future holds for our country. Whether we are in god or bad economic times, the only thing we can control is our attitude toward the conditions of the times. If for example we are hit by a possible downsizing with the company, there will always be ways to look at the brighter side and believe that a new job is waiting for you.

Instead of wallowing in self-pity, you must give yourself some alone time on what you must be doing next. Will you be staying in the same industry that you belong to with your last job, or are you willing to try another one which seems to be thriving in the present?

It would be mc nicer if you have left a good remembrance the company that you will be leaving. But before you do that, take the time to execute proper endorsements to the person who will be replacing you. You will be leaving a mark of professionalism among former colleagues even seeing that you have done an extra mile despite being laid off. Future employers who will be making calls to your previous employers will surely get positive feedback from your former superiors.

Keep your resume updated. The general rule is KISS- keep it short and simple, but highlight you major achievements.

Make use of your circle of influence. Your friends, relatives, former colleagues, or employment office in your previous college or university may just have ideas of which companies have job openings.

An accountant, no matter how difficult times may become, will always be consulted by organizations to assist them in the management of assets and other financial concerns in the firm. Accountants are hired to guide the firm in analyzing financial resources and how these resources can be protected and used in ways that will increase the profits of their business. When for example a company decides to downsize on employees, accountants are most likely among the last on the list. An accounting department of every firm is usually a group composed only of a few people. Many organizations dismiss the idea of hiring new employees to replace their accountants during layoffs believing that more experienced ones can better manage their financial assets.

Administrative assistants always seem to be more familiar with their superior’s daily routines at work. Dismissing them during hard economic times is like suicide to their bosses. Most managers and this is even evident on the movies we usually watch, cannot function well during the day when their assistants are not around. They have their time monitored for their managers, they have contact with clients to arrange meetings for their bosses, and they know exactly well which tasks need immediate attention and which ones can be attended later.

Customer service representatives are also on the rise due to the increase in business resorting to online or phone transactions to increase production. With the increased use of the Internet to hasten business transactions even for investment in stocks, the demand for customer service representatives across most industries will continue to rise.
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It is known that it all started when the stock market crashed on Tuesday, October 29, 1929 when it recorded an enormous loss of US$14 billion; money that huge was lost in one single day. This is why some historians refer to this date as “Black Tuesday”. Consequently, international trade dropped to two-thirds, which later hit individuals tremendously as personal income dropped and inflation took place. Many industries have collapsed such as construction and farming. The unemployment rate within a year after the collapse in the stock market rose to 8.7%. Once a country’s unemployment rate reaches beyond 6% it becomes a serious concern for the government. A healthy economy is evident when the rate is 5%. In the latter years, the unemployment rate never stopped increasing. It reached 15.9% percent in 1931, 23.6% in 1932, and an unprecedented 24.9% in 1933. Indeed, just by looking at the previous figures we can have a clear idea at how 60% of the total population at that time suffered tremendously during the Great Depression.

The Great Depression reduced the availability source of income (jobs) as a result of many trigger factors. The stock market collapsed totally. Many businesses and even the government cut down on expenditures and as a result those businesses could not create jobs for the labor force. Many resorted to alternate jobs like farming and mining. Prices of consumer goods deflated so they can be sold which also meant a reduction in wages.

One reason as well for frictional unemployment is when appropriate employers and effective workers are not able to meet in the same location. For example, a new business endeavor in a previously suburban location which attempts to modernize and improve the lifestyle of people similar to the city may not have the potential employers who can perform the tasks required by employers. The reason for this may be that the skills required for the job openings are way too advanced than most jobs held in the location. Employers will then have to resort to accepting employees from other locations in order to meet the demands of the business venture.

In order to reduce the incidence of frictional unemployment, proper exchange of information must be used to make details of jobs and possible workers available. Suitable training facilities must never be taken for granted in schools and colleges. Discrimination toward employment of individuals must not take place as well in the form of race, work experience, age, and other factors. Accurate educational advice should also be provided among college students so that they are informed about the measures they must do in order to get jobs the soonest possible time.

One cost of unemployment is loss of income for individuals. With an increasing rate of unemployment, more workers in between jobs or looking for better paying jobs after layoffs are losing stable income to support their respective households. As more people become unemployed and depend solely on unemployment insurance, more people will consume basic goods in lesser amounts. In turn, businessmen will also lose profits due to slow consumption of their products for sale.

The cost of unemployment to the society is tremendous as well since the output or consumption of goods and services will reduce. Whenever unemployment rate is high, workers’ buying powers are minimized, and so the demand for products is lower than the supply being made available by several business segments.

It is called cyclical because it is basically a result of fluctuations of the business cycles. Changes in the supply and demand of goods and services can directly affect the employment conditions of a country. When fluctuations in the business cycles cause disturbing effects to several business sectors and their employees, an increase in unemployment is most likely to occur.

Cyclical unemployment is known to be a form of unemployment resulting from a general downturn in business activity. When recessions occur for example, it is an indication that more people are spending less on the available products and other goods produced by entrepreneurs. As more goods are not bought by consumers, manufacturers will then be forced to produce less in order not to suffer the consequences of slow earnings. An additional measure to save further on costs will be to downsize on employees.

The following are the most common reasons for cyclical unemployment:

1. The country is under recession, where the growth domestic product is dwindling.
2. Consumer demands for goods and services shrink as a result of declining economy.
3. Businesses begin employee layoffs as a measure to cut down on costs in order to become profitable despite slow economic growth.
4. Businesses opt to postpone new hires until there is a general economic recovery thereby increasing the number of unemployed.

Some sample scenarios are listed below:
1. A theater actor will become unemployed between the time his last stage play makes the final performance and the next scheduled stage play is set to begin on Broadway.

2. A construction worker becomes unemployed between the time his last project contract comes to an end and the next project will begin.

3. Farmers will become unemployed by the time summer is over and winter is drawing near.

This form of unemployment exists all the time and getting rid of it is impossible. Even countries with thriving economies will experience at some point that is experienced by many workers. There are many reasons why this occurs. One reason could be that employers are not finding the right people for their job openings or that those workers do not have the appropriate skills required for available jobs offered by employers. It also occurs when fresh graduates do not have the skills and experience yet needed by employers for vacant job positions. There are many factors where workers may be in between jobs. It could be their job preference, location, work schedules, skills, work circumstances or surroundings, level of dissatisfaction, so on and so forth.

Frictional unemployment will always exist as long as workers will seek for better opportunities in their career and employers will continue searching for the best people for the job. Friction in the employment status of an individual may be significant when that individual desires better pay and benefits, and that will only be achieved if he is strong enough to leave a previous job for a better one.

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A clear example of this form of unemployment is when a highly urbanized area has more job openings for positions that cannot be addressed by local workers due to lack of skills or training. Let us say that a city’s tourism office has decided to make use of agricultural land by converting it into a recreation center and the local people around the area has been used to raising animals or planting crops, generally managing a farm. No matter how many job openings the new business will provide to the local people, their skills will never be fit to the demands of the employers. While these local people won’t fit to do the jobs the new business will create, employers will then need to hire employees from another place. Where there are discrepancies in the abilities of accessible workers and the prerequisites of available jobs, structural unemployment is in place.

The economy will always be in dynamic conditions. Throughout history we have experienced several conditions where shifts and changes in business also create changes in the way people will have to support themselves to make a living. One example of this scenario is rapid changes in technology. Once an organization decides to keep fewer people who can manage to operate machineries and equipment for mass productions instead of keeping plenty of workers to do manual work, structural unemployment occurs.

Another reason for structural unemployment is the changing of seasons. Construction and farming for example will only take place in the summer, and so employees from both sectors may have an absence of jobs during the winter for which structural unemployment in taking place.

Geographical mismatch is also a reason for structural unemployment. When an employee is needed to transfer to another state or country where his skills can be put to good use, specific reasons may force him to turn down the job offer. It can be financial costs associated with moving or the objection to leave family behind.